영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

My cousin, who has never taken a single music lesson, recently ① used a composing app on her phone to write a short song for her friend's birthday video. Watching her work, I realized the app ② handled much of the technical difficulty that used to stop beginners from composing at all, automatically keeping her melody in key and ③ suggesting chords that matched the mood she selected. What the app could not do, however, was decide which four notes actually felt right for the opening line, or when a pause said more than another note would have. She spent nearly an hour ④ adjusting a single short phrase until it matched the feeling she wanted to capture, deleting and replaying it dozens of times. Watching her patient trial and error, I understood that these tools lower the technical barrier to making music, but they do not remove the very human task of ⑤ decide what a piece of music is actually trying to say.

Our photography club meets every Thursday, and our advisor always ① repeats the same instruction before we leave campus: put the camera down for the first ten minutes and simply look around. At first this rule frustrated me, since I ② had join the club specifically to take pictures, not to stand around empty-handed. Over time, though, I noticed that the members who followed her advice most closely ③ tended to bring back the most interesting photographs. Instead of snapping dozens of rushed shots of the first flower or building they saw, they waited for a specific moment and ④ captured only that. A camera, our advisor explained, cannot teach a person what is worth noticing; it can only record what the photographer has already ⑤ decided matters.

A ① shrinking number of teenagers are joining book clubs that exist only on their phones. These apps let users track how many pages they read each day, write short reviews, and join group chats about a chosen book. Some students say the apps make reading feel less ② lonely, because they can share their honest reactions the moment they finish a chapter instead of waiting for a weekly meeting. The apps also use gentle reminders and reading streaks to keep members ③ motivated, turning a private habit into a small social game. However, a few teachers worry that constant notifications from a reading app can pull attention away from the book itself, since users may spend more time ④ chatting about the story than actually reading it. Despite this concern, many students report that the sense of community keeps them reading books they would have quit halfway through if they had been reading completely ⑤ alone.

Many teachers and parents worry that today's teenagers are ① gaining the ability to read long, complex texts. National test scores show a slow ② decline in reading comprehension over the past ten years, and some experts blame smartphones and short videos for shortening students' attention spans. Other researchers disagree with this simple explanation. They point out that teenagers today read constantly, just in different forms, such as text messages, captions, and online articles. According to this view, the real problem is not that students read less overall, but that they rarely practice reading long passages without any ③ interruption. A team of researchers recently found that students who read at least one full book every month scored ④ noticeably higher on comprehension tests than students who mainly read short online posts. This result suggests that the format of reading, rather than simple screen time, may be the more important factor behind the ⑤ changing scores.

Many schools give students a list of recommended books at the start of each year. Choosing these books is not as simple as picking ① well-known titles. Teachers must think about a wide range of student interests, not just their own favorites. A good list should also include stories from ② different cultures and different kinds of characters, so that every student can find someone to relate to. Reading level matters too; a book that is too difficult can make a student ③ give up on reading altogether, while a book that is too easy may feel boring. Teachers often ask students for feedback after they finish a book, and they slowly update the list based on what students actually ④ ignored. In the end, the best recommended list is not fixed forever; it keeps changing to match the readers it is meant to ⑤ serve.

Anyone who has ever promised to finish a project "by Friday," only to still be working on it weeks later, has experienced the planning fallacy ① firsthand. This term describes the ② occasional tendency of individuals and organizations to underestimate how long a task will take, how much it will cost, and how many complications will inevitably arise. What makes this bias particularly ③ stubborn is that awareness of past failures rarely leads to more accurate predictions; a construction firm that finished its last three projects late will often insist, with genuine confidence, that this next project will be different. Researchers argue that planners focus almost exclusively on the specific steps of the current task while ignoring the ④ broader statistical record of similar projects that came before. One proposed remedy, known as reference class forecasting, requires planners to ⑤ deliberately consult outcomes from comparable past projects rather than relying solely on their own optimistic intuition.

Biodegradable plastics have been promoted as a promising solution to plastic waste, since they are designed to decompose into natural substances rather than persist for centuries. Manufacturers derive these materials from renewable resources such as corn starch, blending them with additives that accelerate microbial breakdown once discarded. However, _______________. For example, a bag labeled biodegradable may take years, not the weeks advertised, to break down in a landfill or ocean, where temperature and microbial activity remain low. In addition, when mixed with conventional plastics in recycling streams, they can contaminate the process, weakening the quality of materials produced afterward. Some engineers therefore compare biodegradable plastics to a bridge that leads nowhere unless paired with infrastructure that completes the journey. Ultimately, realizing their genuine potential requires not only technological refinement but also facilities capable of providing the precise conditions decomposition demands.

Even a modest level of dehydration, as little as two percent of body weight lost through sweat, can measurably reduce an athlete's endurance and cognitive sharpness during competition. (A) Dehydration also impairs the body's ability to regulate its own temperature, since sweating is the primary mechanism for releasing excess heat during intense exercise. (B) As fluid levels drop, blood volume decreases, forcing the heart to work harder to deliver the same amount of oxygen to working muscles, which accelerates fatigue. (C) Athletes competing in hot, humid conditions therefore face a particularly difficult balance, since sweating heavily to stay cool simultaneously depletes the very fluids needed to sustain performance.

Around elementary schools, bright yellow signs mark what is known as a school zone, an area where drivers are required to slow down to reduce the risk of striking a child who might dart into the street without warning. (A) A car traveling even ten kilometers per hour slower gives a driver several extra seconds to brake, often the exact difference between a frightening near miss and a tragedy. (B) Some drivers complain that the reduced speed limit wastes their time, especially when no children happen to be visible at that moment. (C) This complaint misses an important fact about how children behave near traffic: young students often lack the judgment to predict how far a car will travel before it can stop.

After all, the sentences are short and the pictures seem to do most of the storytelling. Picture books are usually written for young children, but a growing number of adults are picking them up for themselves. ( ① ) At first glance, a picture book seems too simple for someone who has already learned to read long novels. ( ② ) However, many picture books deal with serious themes, such as loss, fear, and change, using only a few carefully chosen words. ( ③ ) Because the text is short, every sentence carries extra weight, and readers naturally slow down to notice small details in the pictures. ( ④ ) This slower pace can feel calming for adults who are used to rushing through long articles and constant notifications. ( ⑤ ) A picture book can also be finished in a single sitting, which makes it easy to return to the same story again and again, and for these reasons, therapists and teachers sometimes recommend picture books not only to children but also to stressed adults who need a quiet moment.