영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

For most of the twentieth century, a library was simply a quiet room full of books, and visitors were expected ① to stay silent while they searched the shelves. Today, many public libraries look completely different. Alongside the usual shelves, you might find group study rooms, comfortable sofas for reading, computer labs, and even small recording studios for podcasts. Librarians say this change ② did not happen by accident. As more information moved online, fewer people ③ needing a library simply to find facts, so librarians began asking what their communities actually needed instead. The answer, in many neighborhoods, turned out ④ to be space itself: a warm, free place where students could study together, job seekers could print a resume, and children could attend a story hour. Librarians respond that reading and gathering have always belonged together, and that a library survives only by ⑤ changing with its readers.

Communication scholar Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann proposed the spiral of silence theory to explain why certain opinions dominate public discussion while others fade into invisibility. According to this theory, individuals constantly ②observe their surrounding environment to judge which opinions are widely accepted and which are not. When people sense that their own view belongs to a minority, they often choose ③to stay silent rather than risk social isolation or criticism. This silence, however, creates a distorted impression that the minority opinion is even rarer than it actually is, ①discouraged additional supporters from speaking up. Over time, this cycle spirals downward, allowing the dominant opinion ④to appear increasingly unanimous while dissenting voices disappear from visible conversation. Social media platforms can intensify this spiral, since visibility metrics make popular opinions instantly noticeable while unpopular ones ⑤remain hidden.

Have you ever noticed your mood ①shifting after scrolling through a friend's gloomy post online? This phenomenon, known as emotional contagion, ②refers to the tendency of one person's feelings to spread to others nearby, almost like a cold passing between classmates. However, researchers have discovered that emotional contagion also occurs online, where only text or images ③are exchanged, without any physical presence at all. For instance, when someone posts a negative comment beneath a cheerful photo, the comments that follow often ④turning noticeably more negative in tone. In contrast, a single kind comment ⑤can shift an entire thread toward positivity within minutes.

For decades, productivity advice has focused almost entirely on ①managing time efficiently, yet many experts now argue this approach overlooks something important. This alternative approach, ②known as energy management, suggests that controlling personal energy matters more than controlling the clock. Unlike time, which flows at a constant rate, human energy naturally rises and falls in cycles ③shaped by sleep, food, and mental fatigue. A person who tackles difficult tasks during a low-energy period, for instance, may need two hours ④to finish what takes thirty minutes at peak energy. Similarly, someone who forces themselves to keep working without rest often ⑤produce careless mistakes that require additional time to correct later.

To compensate for their carbon emissions, many individuals and companies now ①purchases carbon offsets, financial credits that fund projects such as planting trees or building renewable energy plants. The idea is appealing: paying for an equivalent amount of carbon to be absorbed elsewhere should cancel out the harm caused by activities like flying. However, critics argue that this system often ②functions as a convenient excuse for postponing genuine emission cuts rather than achieving them. For example, a newly planted forest may take decades to absorb the promised carbon, and it could later ③burn down or be cut, erasing any benefit. Moreover, some offset projects would have happened anyway, meaning the credits fund nothing truly ④additional. Therefore, relying heavily on offsets allows businesses ⑤to maintain harmful practices while appearing responsible.

The Hopeful Start Workshop will be held on January 10th at the Green Hill Community Center, and this event helps students set ①clear and realistic goals for the new year. The workshop will run from two to four in the afternoon, and participants will learn simple methods for writing goals that are specific and ②easy to measure. Each participant will receive a goal-planning notebook to use throughout the year. The workshop is ③open to all middle and high school students, and no experience is required. Registration is ④free, but seats are limited to thirty people, so early sign-up is recommended, and students can register ⑤offline through the center's website or by calling the front desk before January 8th.

Have you ever felt a ①boring class lasted forever while an exciting weekend disappeared in an instant? This common experience reflects what psychologists call the distortion of time perception: subjective time can differ from actual clock time. Researchers explain that people who focus intensely on an enjoyable activity process fewer separate moments, so time seems to pass ②slowly. In contrast, bored or anxious people pay ③closer attention to each moment, making time feel as though it is dragging. When people become deeply ④engaged in a task, they often lose track of time, unaware of how many minutes have passed. For example, athletes and musicians often say that hours felt like minutes while they were fully ⑤absorbed in performance.

Psychologist Roy Baumeister proposed a concept called ego depletion theory, which suggests that ___________. According to this theory, every act of self-control, from resisting a snack to concentrating on difficult homework, draws from the same limited mental resource. As this resource becomes depleted throughout the day, later decisions require more effort and are more likely to fail. For instance, someone who exercises discipline avoiding distractions all morning may struggle to resist checking a phone by evening. Likewise, dieters report that self-control weakens sharply at night, after hours of resisting food. Some researchers argue that short breaks, adequate sleep, and blood sugar levels can help restore this depleted resource. Although later studies have questioned how strong this effect is, the theory still offers a useful framework for understanding why willpower seems to fade throughout a long day.

주어진 문장: There is also a third, equally important reason that explains why so many resolutions fail so quickly. Many people give up on their new year's resolutions within just a few days, and psychologists have found several simple reasons for this pattern. ( ① ) First, willpower is like a muscle that becomes tired after being used too much, so people often run out of self-control by the end of a busy day. ( ② ) Second, many resolutions are unrealistic from the beginning, since people set goals that are far too difficult to reach in a short time. ( ③ ) When a goal feels impossible, people quickly lose motivation and stop trying. ( ④ ) Third, most resolutions do not offer any immediate reward. ( ⑤ ) Because the brain prefers quick rewards over distant ones, people find it hard to stay motivated without seeing fast results.

주어진 문장: It was the first time she had truly felt like part of a team. Jimin joined the school band club in March, but she had never performed before an audience. ( ① ) The club's first concert was only two weeks away, and everyone felt nervous. ( ② ) During practice, her hands shook whenever the song reached the chorus, and she kept missing the same chord. ( ③ ) Instead of laughing at her mistakes, the other members waited patiently and played the section again with her. The drummer, Suho, suggested that she focus on just one part at a time. ( ④ ) Slowly, her fingers grew more confident, and the chord that once felt impossible began to feel natural. The club practiced until the melody sounded smooth the night before the concert. When Jimin walked onto the stage, she thought of her friends' patience instead of her fear. ( ⑤ ) The audience clapped warmly, and she realized her club's support had made the difference.