영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

The subscription economy refers to a business model ①in which consumers pay a recurring fee to access goods or services rather than owning them outright. One major reason for this growth is convenience, since subscribers no longer need ②to make repeated purchasing decisions once they sign up. Another reason is that companies benefit from predictable revenue, ③what allows them to plan production and marketing more efficiently than with one-time sales. For example, a monthly clothing subscription delivers new outfits automatically, ④saving customers the time and effort of shopping in stores. However, some critics argue that subscriptions encourage people ⑤to pay for services they barely use.

Many companies today advertise their products as environmentally friendly, yet not all of these claims are accurate. This practice, ①knowing as greenwashing, involves exaggerating or fabricating a product's positive impact on the environment. Consumers, ②who are increasingly concerned about climate change, often trust such claims without questioning them closely. As a result, they may pay higher prices for products ③that are no more sustainable than ordinary alternatives. Genuine environmental efforts, which usually ④require significant investment and long-term planning, are far more costly than simply changing a label. Therefore, governments should establish clear standards ⑤that require companies to prove their environmental claims with verifiable data.

Years ago, a small shoe company struggled to compete with larger, well-funded rivals in the market. Its products were ①solid, but customers rarely ②remembered the brand after a single purchase. Sales slowly ③decreased as people felt they were supporting something meaningful rather than simply buying a product. Other companies noticed this shift and began crafting their own narratives, hoping to create similar ④emotional connections. Eventually, the founder realized that a compelling story, told honestly, could turn ordinary customers into ⑤loyal supporters.

Many large companies now rely on artificial intelligence to screen job applications before a human ever sees them. These systems promise ① efficiency, scanning thousands of resumes in seconds and ranking candidates according to patterns drawn from previous hiring decisions. However, this reliance on historical data creates a ② troubling risk. If a company's past hiring favored a particular group, the algorithm may learn to treat that pattern as a marker of success and ③ loudly reproduce it, even when no one intended discrimination. Unlike a human interviewer, the system offers no explanation for its choices, which makes the bias ④ difficult to detect until an outside audit reveals it. Some researchers argue that fairness cannot be added afterward; it must be built into the system's design from the very ⑤ beginning.

The metaverse, a network of interconnected virtual worlds, has begun to generate job opportunities that did not ①exist just a few years ago. Avatar designers create digital identities that represent users within these spaces, ②blending artistic skill with technical programming knowledge. Virtual event planners organize concerts, conferences, and product launches entirely within online platforms, reaching audiences that would be ③easy to gather in person. Some analysts remain skeptical, pointing out that the metaverse has not yet attracted the massive user base that early predictions promised. Nevertheless, major companies continue ④investing heavily in this technology, betting that virtual spaces will eventually become as ⑤significant as physical retail venues.

Riding a bicycle is a great way to stay active during summer vacation, but ___________. Before you ride, check that your tires are properly inflated and your brakes are working well. Wearing a helmet is essential, since it can prevent serious head injuries in an accident.

When Daniel was a child, he dreamed of becoming an astronaut, yet he assumed such careers belonged only to a handful of government scientists. During an internship, he helped design a small satellite intended to monitor crop health from orbit, a project that combined engineering with agricultural science. He realized that ___________. After graduation, Daniel joined a startup developing lunar landing equipment, a job that barely existed when he first imagined his future career.

As technology continues to reshape nearly every profession, the idea of finishing education after graduation has become outdated. Workers who once expected their initial training to last an entire career now find that skills can become obsolete within just a few years. Lifelong learning, therefore, ___________. Many professionals now take short online courses, attend workshops, or earn new certifications while continuing to work full-time.

주어진 문장: This fear of missing out, often shortened to FOMO, drives many shoppers to act faster than they normally would. Limited-edition products are goods that are released in small quantities for a short period of time. ( ① ) Many companies use this strategy because scarcity naturally increases how much people desire an item. ( ② ) When consumers believe that a product will disappear soon, they often feel pressured to buy it immediately rather than wait. ( ③ ) For instance, a sneaker company that releases only a few thousand pairs of a special design can generate long lines outside stores overnight. ( ④ ) However, this psychological pressure can lead to purchases that are driven by fear rather than genuine need. ( ⑤ ) As a result, some shoppers later regret spending money on products they rarely use afterward.

Some locations also offer basic health checks, such as blood pressure measurement, for elderly visitors. During the hottest weeks of summer, the city operates free cooling centers for anyone who needs a break from the heat. ( ① ) These cooling centers, located in community halls and public libraries, provide air-conditioned spaces where visitors can rest comfortably. ( ② ) Most cooling centers are open from nine in the morning until six in the evening, seven days a week. ( ③ ) Visitors can enjoy free drinking water, read newspapers, or simply relax in a cool environment. ( ④ ) There is no cost to use these centers, and no reservation is required. ( ⑤ ) City officials encourage residents to check the nearest location on the city website before visiting.