영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Minji had tried for years ①building a bedtime reading habit but always forgot once under the blanket. During summer, she found a method called habit stacking. It means ②attaching a new habit to an existing one so it acts as a reminder. Her existing habit was brushing her teeth every night, so she decided ③to place her book beside her toothbrush. After brushing her teeth, she would pick up the book, ④letting one action trigger the next. Encouraged by this success, Minji stacked another habit onto her morning routine, ⑤reviewing vocabulary words after making her bed.

Facial recognition software has moved rapidly from airport security lines into shopping malls, schools, and even private apartment buildings, ① promising convenience in exchange for a quick scan of one's face. Proponents note that the technology can unlock doors, catch shoplifters, and speed up identity checks far faster than any human guard ② could manage. Independent studies, however, have repeatedly found that many commercial systems ③ performs less accurately on women and people with darker skin tones, a gap that can lead to wrongful identification with serious real-world consequences. Several cities have already reported cases in which an innocent person ④ was detained based on a flawed match. Until these systems can prove equally reliable for everyone, deploying them at all represents a form of quiet discrimination ⑤ dressed up as efficiency.

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment known as green jobs has ①expanded rapidly. Unlike many traditional industrial jobs, green jobs often require workers to combine technical training with an understanding of environmental science. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector grow far ②faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they offer a sense of purpose alongside financial ③stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs can be surprisingly ④easy, since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed to help such workers shift ⑤smoothly into renewable energy careers.

Hospitals are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence tools that can scan medical images and flag potential tumors ① faster and, in some trials, more accurately than experienced radiologists. Patients understandably welcome any technology that catches disease earlier, yet the growing reliance on these tools raises an uncomfortable legal question that hospitals have only begun to address. When an AI system misses a diagnosis that a human doctor would likely have caught, responsibility becomes ② easy to assign. The doctor may argue that they simply trusted a tool the hospital required them to use, the hospital may argue that the software company guaranteed its accuracy, and the software company may argue that no algorithm can be expected to be ③ perfect. Until legal systems ④ clarify this chain of responsibility, patients harmed by an algorithmic error may find themselves with no clear party to hold ⑤ accountable.

As more schools shift toward digital textbooks and online assignments, a student without reliable internet access at home faces a disadvantage that has little to do with talent or effort. During recent years, this gap became ① impossible to ignore, as families in rural areas or low-income neighborhoods struggled to complete schoolwork that assumed a stable connection and a personal device. Some policymakers initially treated internet access as a ② convenience, comparable to cable television, rather than as infrastructure essential to modern life. That assumption is increasingly being reconsidered, particularly as more essential services move online by default. Closing this divide will require ③ far less than simply distributing devices; it will demand ④ sustained investment in the physical networks that carry information into every home, ⑤ regardless of income or location.

Last spring, I joined a one-day job experience program at a local hospital. A kind nurse named Ms. Park showed me around the ward and explained how nurses check patients' conditions. At first, I was nervous about talking to real patients. However, after helping an elderly patient find her room, I felt proud and relaxed. The busiest moment came when several patients needed attention at once, and the nurses worked together calmly. I realized that ___________. By the end of the day, my interest in nursing had grown even stronger.

Mental accounting also shapes how consumers respond to windfalls of different sizes and origins. (A) A modest windfall, such as a small cash-back reward, tends to be absorbed into everyday spending and disappears almost unnoticed within a household's general budget. (B) A substantial windfall, by contrast, such as an inheritance or a large bonus, is more likely to be mentally assigned to a separate category, sometimes labeled as "extra" money reserved for investment or a significant purchase. (C) This difference in treatment suggests that the perceived significance of a sum, rather than its objective purchasing power, determines the mental account into which it is placed.

Psychologists have long debated why some people find it easier than others to wait for future rewards. (A) For example, children who distracted themselves by singing or looking away were far more successful at waiting. (B) One explanation involves specific strategies, such as focusing attention away from the tempting object. (C) In the original marshmallow studies, researchers observed that success depended heavily on how children managed their attention.

Robert Putnam popularized the concept by documenting a decline in civic participation, noting that fewer Americans joined bowling leagues, parent associations, or local clubs even as bowling itself remained popular, a trend he captured in the phrase bowling alone. Economists traditionally measured a community's wealth in terms of factories, income, or infrastructure, yet sociologists increasingly point to a less visible resource: social capital, the networks of trust and reciprocity that allow people to cooperate for mutual benefit. ( ① ) Communities rich in social capital tend to enjoy lower crime and more effective local government, because neighbors who know and trust one another can coordinate informally without relying entirely on formal institutions. ( ② ) However, social capital is not uniformly beneficial. ( ③ ) Tightly bonded networks can also exclude outsiders and reinforce existing inequality. ( ④ ) For this reason, researchers increasingly distinguish between bonding capital, which strengthens ties within a single group, and bridging capital, which connects otherwise separate communities. ( ⑤ )

주어진 문장: Because the number of likes a post will receive is never guaranteed, every notification carries a small element of suspense. Psychologists have long studied a mechanism called the variable reward schedule, in which rewards arrive unpredictably rather than after every single action. ( ① ) Slot machines famously exploit this principle, and social media notifications operate on strikingly similar logic. ( ② ) When someone posts a photo, they cannot predict exactly when likes will appear, nor how many they will eventually receive. ( ③ ) This uncertainty triggers a small burst of dopamine each time the phone is checked, regardless of whether the result is disappointing or thrilling. ( ④ ) Consequently, users often refresh their feeds compulsively, hoping the next check will finally bring a satisfying reward. ( ⑤ ) What makes this troubling is that technology companies deliberately designed notification systems using insights borrowed from gambling research, rather than stumbling upon them by accident. Such practices raise serious ethical questions about manipulating users' brains for profit. Therefore, people must consciously recognize this hidden mechanism and set firm limits on their checking habits.