영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

A shocking headline can spread across social media within minutes, long before anyone ① checks whether it is actually true. Studies show that false stories often travel faster than accurate ones, partly because surprising or emotional claims ② get shared more quickly than careful, balanced reporting. To handle this flood of information, students today need a skill that previous generations rarely had to practice: ③ checking a source before believing it. Simple habits can make a real difference, such as looking for the original source of a claim, checking the date an article ④ publishing, and searching to see whether other trustworthy outlets are reporting the same story. Media literacy classes now teach students ⑤ to pause before they share anything, asking who wrote it and why.

Suppose you meet a quiet, gentle man ① who speaks softly, tends a small garden, and organizes his bookshelf with meticulous care. ② Ask whether he is more likely a florist or a truck driver, most people instinctively choose florist, since his personality matches the stereotype so neatly. This judgment, however, ③ ignores a crucial fact: truck drivers vastly outnumber florists in almost every country, which means that, statistically, he is far more likely to belong to the larger group regardless of how well he fits the flower-shop image. Relying on resemblance to a familiar category rather than on underlying numerical proportions, ④ known among researchers as representativeness, leads people to overlook these base rates almost automatically. Even trained professionals, ⑤ who should know better, often fall into the same trap when a vivid description feels more convincing than plain statistics.

When Daniel was a child, he dreamed of becoming an astronaut, yet he assumed such careers ①belonged only to a handful of government scientists. By the time he entered university, however, the space industry had changed dramatically, as private companies began ②launching satellites and building reusable rockets. Daniel studied aerospace engineering, ③drawing to the idea that space exploration was no longer limited to a few national agencies. During an internship, he helped design a small satellite ④intended to monitor crop health from orbit. He realized that the space industry now needed not only pilots and engineers but also data analysts and technicians ⑤familiar with international space regulations.

Hospitals are increasingly adopting artificial intelligence tools that can scan medical images and flag potential tumors ① faster and, in some trials, more accurately than experienced radiologists. Patients understandably welcome any technology that catches disease earlier, yet the growing reliance on these tools raises an uncomfortable legal question that hospitals have only begun to address. When an AI system misses a diagnosis that a human doctor would likely have caught, responsibility becomes ② easy to assign. The doctor may argue that they simply trusted a tool the hospital required them to use, the hospital may argue that the software company guaranteed its accuracy, and the software company may argue that no algorithm can be expected to be ③ perfect. Until legal systems ④ clarify this chain of responsibility, patients harmed by an algorithmic error may find themselves with no clear party to hold ⑤ accountable.

Many people make new year's resolutions, but few actually achieve them. One helpful method is called SMART goal setting, and the first step is making sure your goal is specific, which means _______________. Second, a goal should be measurable, so you can check your progress with numbers. Third, it should be achievable, fitting your situation without being too difficult. Fourth, it should be relevant to your life, and finally, it should be time-bound, with a clear deadline that pushes you to act.

Viral marketing campaigns rarely succeed simply because a company has a large advertising budget. (A) A beverage brand, for example, spent almost nothing on production yet reached millions of viewers through a simple dance challenge. (B) Instead, such campaigns tend to succeed when they feel genuine and encourage ordinary users to participate creatively. (C) Other companies later tried to copy the idea, but most failed to capture the same spontaneous energy.

Every time a smartphone connects to a cell tower or a Wi-Fi network, it quietly records a data point that can later be pieced together into a detailed map of where its owner has been. (A) Companies often argue that anonymized data cannot be traced back to individuals, yet researchers have repeatedly shown that a handful of location points is enough to identify a specific person. (B) Most users agree to this tracking without reading the fine print, assuming that a single company's database poses little threat. (C) The real danger, however, emerges when location data from multiple sources is combined, revealing a person's home, workplace, and daily route.

Consumers today increasingly consider more than just price when deciding what to buy. (A) For example, many shoppers now research a company's labor practices before purchasing its products. (B) This growing awareness reflects a shift toward what is often called value-based consumption. (C) As a result, companies face increasing pressure to operate more responsibly and transparently.

Journalists now face the burden of verifying footage that once would have been accepted as self-evident proof. A few years ago, spotting a manipulated video required a trained eye and specialized software. ( ① ) Today, freely available applications allow almost anyone to swap a face or fabricate a voice convincingly enough to fool casual viewers within minutes. ( ② ) This shift has quietly undermined one of the oldest assumptions in human communication: that seeing and hearing something is a reasonably reliable way to confirm it happened. ( ③ ) Perhaps more troubling than any single fake video is the broader effect on public trust, sometimes called the liar's dividend, in which genuine footage can be dismissed as fabricated simply because deepfakes exist. ( ④ ) In this environment, the mere possibility of manipulation can be almost as damaging as manipulation itself. ( ⑤ )

The same mechanism that helps citizens save more for retirement, in other words, can just as easily be turned against their financial interests. Default settings are not inherently virtuous; their ethical value depends entirely on whose interests they serve. ( ① ) A retirement plan that automatically enrolls employees at a reasonable contribution rate generally benefits those employees by overcoming their tendency toward inertia. ( ② ) A subscription service that automatically renews at a higher price unless the customer actively cancels, however, exploits that very same inertia for the company's benefit rather than the customer's. ( ③ ) Both arrangements rely on the identical psychological tendency to accept whatever has been preselected. ( ④ ) Distinguishing between beneficial and exploitative uses of default settings therefore requires examining not the mechanism itself but the intentions and incentives of whoever designed it. ( ⑤ ) Regulators increasingly demand transparency about default settings precisely because the mechanism alone cannot reveal whether it serves the consumer or merely the company offering it.