영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

When people estimate the value of an unfamiliar product, they rarely rely on objective calculation alone; instead, they anchor their judgment to whatever numerical reference happens to be presented first, however ①arbitrary that number may be. This phenomenon exerts a ②disproportionate influence on price perception precisely because initial figures function as a kind of cognitive gravity that subsequent estimates struggle to escape. A shopper who first sees a jacket listed at $300 before it is marked down to $150 will likely judge the discounted price as an excellent ③bargain, regardless of whether $150 actually reflects the jacket's true worth. Retailers, well aware of this bias, frequently display a ④deflated "original price" beside a discounted one, not because the higher figure is meaningful, but because it recalibrates customers' expectations. Even professionals are not immune: negotiators who open with an extreme initial offer often secure more ⑤favorable final terms than those who begin with a moderate one.

Facing a shortage of caregivers and a rapidly aging population, several countries have begun deploying robots designed to remind elderly residents to take medication, monitor for falls, and even offer simple conversation throughout the day. Early trials show that many residents report ① reduced loneliness, particularly when a robot's presence allows an overworked human staff member to spend a few extra minutes with each patient rather than rushing between rooms. Critics, however, worry that this framing quietly ② shifts the goal of care: instead of asking how technology can support human connection, institutions may come to treat a robot's companionship as an ③ unacceptable substitute for it. Advocates for the elderly argue that robots should be evaluated strictly as tools that free up human time for human contact, ④ never as a lower-cost replacement for the contact itself, since human presence remains ⑤ irreplaceable.

Generative AI systems learn to write, draw, and compose by studying ① enormous collections of existing human work, much of which was created without the artists' knowledge or consent. Supporters of the technology argue that this process resembles how a human student learns by studying the masters, ② absorbing style and technique rather than copying specific pieces. Critics respond that the comparison ③ holds up perfectly at scale, since a single AI model can absorb millions of works in days. Courts around the world are now being asked to decide whether training an algorithm on copyrighted material counts as fair use or as ④ infringement. Until clearer rules emerge, artists, developers, and publishers remain locked in a legal ⑤ gray zone that satisfies almost no one.

Social media platforms rarely show users a neutral stream of information. Instead, recommendation algorithms are optimized to maximize engagement, and content that provokes strong emotion tends to hold attention longer than balanced reporting ever could. Some platforms have experimented with reducing the visibility of outrage-driven content, only to see user engagement drop, which reveals _______________.

As private companies develop the technology to mine asteroids for rare metals and water, a legal question has become urgent: who owns the resources of outer space? Existing international treaties state that no nation may claim sovereignty over celestial bodies, but they say remarkably little about whether a private company may extract and sell what it finds there. Some governments have already passed domestic laws granting their own companies rights to material mined in space, a move that other nations view as _______________.

Remote work has moved from a rare privilege to a common practice for millions of employees worldwide. Supporters argue that remote work increases productivity, since employees avoid long commutes and distracting office environments. It also allows companies to hire talented people regardless of where they live, widening the pool of candidates. Critics, however, worry that remote work weakens teamwork and makes it harder for new employees to learn from experienced colleagues. Without regular face-to-face interaction, some workers feel isolated and struggle to build strong professional relationships. For these reasons, many experts suggest that the future of work will likely be ___________, combining flexibility with occasional in-person collaboration.

The discovery of CRISPR gene-editing technology gave scientists a tool precise enough to correct a single mistaken letter in the human genome. Yet editing a gene in a sperm, egg, or early embryo does not simply change one patient; it alters the genetic code passed down to every future generation. Scientific organizations around the world have therefore drawn a careful line, permitting gene editing to treat disease in existing patients while banning any edit that would be inherited by their descendants. Critics worry, however, that _______________.

His study of suicide rates exemplified this method, showing that rates varied systematically according to variables such as religious affiliation and marital status, patterns that could not be explained by individual psychology alone. Émile Durkheim insisted that sociology could become a genuine science only if it identified a distinct subject matter that could not be reduced to individual psychology. ( ① ) He termed this subject matter social facts, defined as ways of thinking, feeling, and acting that exist outside any single individual yet exert a coercive influence over that individual's behavior. ( ② ) Language, currency, legal codes, and religious ritual all qualify as social facts, since a person is born into these systems already fully formed. ( ③ ) Durkheim insisted that social facts should be studied as things, meaning they must be examined empirically through observable patterns such as statistics, rather than explained solely through introspection about individual motives. ( ④ ) These patterns were, in his view, best understood as products of social forces rather than personal choice. ( ⑤ )

Watching myself on the recording afterward was even more uncomfortable than facing the camera live. Last month, I attended a three-day career camp during summer vacation. ( ① ) On the first day, I chose the broadcasting workshop, where students practiced writing short news scripts and reading them in front of a camera. ( ② ) It was harder than I expected, since staying calm while a camera recorded my every move felt strange at first. ( ③ ) By the second day, however, I began to enjoy the challenge, and my confidence grew with each attempt. ( ④ ) The instructors, who all had real broadcasting experience, gave detailed feedback rather than simple praise, which helped us improve quickly. ( ⑤ ) On the final day, each team presented a short news segment to the entire camp.

Not every family reacts the same way, however. When I told my parents I wanted to become a musician, I expected them to worry about money and stability. ( ① ) Instead, my father surprised me by asking what kind of music made me feel most alive. ( ② ) My mother, who had once dreamed of becoming a painter herself, admitted that she still wondered what her life might have looked like. ( ③ ) Their honesty made me realize that parents' influence on career choices is not always about pressure or control; sometimes, it comes quietly through shared stories and unfinished dreams. ( ④ ) Some parents push their children toward careers they consider safer. ( ⑤ ) Still, my parents' support taught me that the most helpful kind of guidance often respects a child's own voice instead of replacing it.