영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Summer heat can be just as dangerous for pets ①as it is for people. Dogs and cats cannot cool their bodies as easily as humans, so owners must ②take extra care during hot days. Avoid walking your dog during the hottest hours, since hot pavement ③can burn sensitive paws. Never leave a pet alone in a parked car, even for a few minutes, because the temperature inside ④rising dangerously fast. If your pet seems unusually tired or ⑤refuses to move, contact a veterinarian right away.

Many schools give students a list of recommended books at the start of each year. ① Choosing these books is not as simple as picking well-known titles. Teachers must think about a wide range of student interests, not just their own favorites. A good list should also ② including stories from different cultures and different kinds of characters, so that every student can find someone to relate to. Reading level matters too; a book that is too difficult can make a student ③ give up on reading altogether, while a book that is too easy may feel boring. Teachers often ask students for feedback after they finish a book, and they slowly ④ update the list based on what students actually enjoyed. In the end, the best recommended list is not fixed forever; it keeps changing to match the readers it ⑤ is meant to serve.

When an image-generating program ① produced a strikingly detailed painting in the exact style of a well-known illustrator within seconds, my art club spent an entire meeting arguing about what it actually meant for artists. Some members felt excited, ② imagining the software as a helpful tool that could speed up brainstorming or generate quick backgrounds for their comics. Others worried that the program had been trained on thousands of real illustrations ③ scraped from the internet without the original artists' permission, meaning the tool's impressive results were quietly built on other people's uncredited labor. A few pointed out that the final image, however skillful it ④ looked, reflected no personal memory, struggle, or intention, only patterns learned from existing pictures. The debate never reached a clear conclusion, but it made me realize that questions about creativity now involve not just how a picture looks, but where it actually ⑤ come from and who deserves credit for it.

Many people struggling to fall asleep in noisy environments turn to white noise machines, devices that emit a ① chaotic, uniform sound covering a broad range of frequencies. The appeal lies in a phenomenon called auditory masking, in which a constant background sound makes sudden noises, such as a slamming door, ② less noticeable to the sleeping brain. Without this masking effect, an abrupt change in sound is far more likely to trigger a brief awakening, even if the sleeper does not ③ consciously remember it the next morning. Studies comparing sleep in quiet rooms with sleep alongside white noise have found that participants using white noise experienced fewer of these brief awakenings and reported feeling more ④ rested. However, researchers caution that the benefit depends heavily on volume and consistency, since noise that is too loud or that varies unpredictably can itself become a source of ⑤ disruption rather than a remedy.

Seatbelts are so woven into the experience of riding in a car that many passengers buckle them without thinking, yet a surprising number of teenagers still skip them for short trips, assuming that a five-minute drive to a friend's house does not carry ① minimal risk. In a collision, a body traveling at a moderate speed continues moving forward at that same speed until something stops it. A seatbelt ② spreads the force of a sudden stop across the stronger parts of the body, such as the hips and chest, instead of ③ concentrating it on the head and neck. Despite decades of public awareness campaigns, seatbelt use for backseat passengers remains ④ lower than for those sitting in the ⑤ front.

Extended producer responsibility, a policy requiring manufacturers to bear responsibility for their products even after use, has been adopted by governments seeking to reduce landfill waste. Under such schemes, companies must finance the collection and recycling of goods once consumers discard them, rather than leaving municipalities to absorb the cost. Advocates maintain that _______________. Critics counter that the policy, whatever its theoretical merits, often fails to reduce waste meaningfully unless paired with rigorous enforcement and transparent reporting requirements. For instance, some manufacturers merely pass the added cost of compliance on to consumers, without making substantive changes to how products are designed. In contrast, jurisdictions that combine producer responsibility with strict eco-design standards and independent audits tend to witness genuine improvements in recyclability. Therefore, policymakers hoping to harness this approach must resist treating it as self-executing and instead invest in oversight that determines whether producers actually change behavior.

Every spring, our school holds an art exhibition in the main hallway, and this year I finally submitted a painting of my own. (A) On the morning the paintings went up, I walked past dozens of styles, from careful realistic portraits to messy, colorful abstractions, and none of them looked like mine. Instead of feeling embarrassed, I found myself curious about why each artist had made certain choices. (B) Standing in that crowded hallway, I finally understood that the exhibition's real purpose was not to rank the paintings, but to let students discover how many different perspectives could exist in a single shared space. (C) For weeks, I compared my work to my classmates' drawings and felt sure that mine was not good enough to hang beside theirs. My art teacher noticed my hesitation and said something I did not expect: an exhibition is not a contest to find the single best picture, but a chance to show how differently people see the same world.

Long before cognitive scientists possessed the tools to observe the brain directly, Donald Broadbent proposed an influential model suggesting that the human capacity to process incoming sensory information is constrained by a structural bottleneck through which only a single stream of input can pass at any given instant. (A) This basic bottleneck principle continues to inform contemporary explanations of why multitasking so reliably degrades performance on demanding tasks. (B) According to this filter theory, multiple channels of stimulation, such as competing voices in a crowded room, are initially registered at a shallow, physical level, but only one channel is selected for further, meaning-based analysis while the rest are blocked from advancing beyond that early filter. (C) Although later researchers challenged the rigidity of this early selection mechanism, pointing to instances in which unattended information, such as one's own name, nevertheless breaks through and captures awareness, the core insight that attention imposes a genuine processing limit rather than a mere matter of willpower has remained remarkably durable.

A growing number of teenagers are joining book clubs that exist only on their phones. (A) However, a few teachers worry that constant notifications from a reading app can pull attention away from the book itself, since users may spend more time chatting about the story than actually reading it. Despite this concern, many students report that the sense of community keeps them reading books they would have quit halfway through if they had been reading completely alone. (B) These apps let users track how many pages they read each day, write short reviews, and join group chats about a chosen book. Some students say the apps make reading feel less lonely, because they can share their honest reactions the moment they finish a chapter instead of waiting for a weekly meeting. (C) The apps also use gentle reminders and reading streaks to keep members motivated, turning a private habit into a small social game.

주어진 문장: This curvature reflects a broader principle: sensitivity to change diminishes as the underlying quantity grows, whether that quantity represents a gain or a loss. Prospect theory proposes that the subjective value of money is not a straight line but a curved function, differing sharply from the assumptions of classical economic models. ( ① ) In the domain of gains, the function bends downward as amounts increase, so the psychological difference between earning zero and one hundred dollars feels far greater than between earning one thousand and eleven hundred. ( ② ) A parallel pattern appears among losses, where the curve bends in the opposite direction, yet sensitivity still fades as the amount grows larger. ( ③ ) This tendency, known as diminishing sensitivity, explains why a shopper barely notices a ten dollar increase on a two thousand dollar purchase, though the same ten dollars would matter enormously as the price of a meal. ( ④ ) Researchers illustrate this curvature with graphs shaped like an S turned sideways, sloping gently near the center and flattening toward both extremes. ( ⑤ ) Understanding this curvature allows economists to predict decisions that a simple, linear model of value could never anticipate.