영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Every July, our school library ① launches a summer reading challenge that invites students to read at least five books before classes begin again in September. Students who ② complete the challenge receive a small prize, but many say the real reward is something else entirely. Without daily homework and tests to worry about, summer gives students rare freedom ③ to choose books purely because they sound interesting, not because a teacher assigned them. Librarians notice that students often pick more unusual genres during the challenge, ④ including graphic novels, poetry, and nonfiction about hobbies they enjoy. This freedom seems to matter more than the prize itself, since students who only cared about winning tend to quit once the reading feels difficult, while curious readers ⑤ keeps going.

Sociologist Erving Goffman argued that people constantly perform for others, much like actors ①managing their image on a stage, a concept known as impression management. This idea applies vividly to social media, where users select flattering photos and delete posts ②that might damage their reputation. Such careful curation allows people ③to present an idealized version of themselves that emphasizes achievements while hiding struggles or ordinary moments. However, when this performance becomes constant, a troubling gap can form between one's authentic self and the polished character ④displaying online. Maintaining that gap requires considerable emotional energy, and studies suggest it often leads to anxiety and exhaustion. Furthermore, comparing one's own carefully staged life to others' equally staged posts can distort what people believe is normal. Therefore, individuals should recognize that some self-presentation online is inevitable, but they must also protect space where imperfection ⑤is allowed to remain visible.

Having grown up with smartphones and social media, they research products ①extensively online before making even small purchases. Unlike older generations, who often valued brand loyalty above all else, many members of Generation Z ②prioritize a company's values, switching brands easily if one no longer matches their beliefs. They also tend to ③favor secondhand and resale platforms, viewing sustainability as an important factor. Peer recommendations shared through short videos frequently carry ④less weight than traditional celebrity endorsements, since viewers see these creators as relatable rather than distant figures. Businesses that fail to adapt to these preferences risk losing an entire generation of potential customers, so many companies now invest in ⑤authentic engagement.

Last spring, a small cosmetics brand opened a pop-up store in a busy shopping district for just two weeks. Rather than displaying products in the usual manner, the team designed the space to resemble a colorful garden, inviting visitors to explore and take photographs. Word spread quickly through social media as customers shared images of the unusual setting with their friends and followers. Lines formed outside the store within days, even though the products themselves were already available online. Curious about this success, a marketing researcher later interviewed several visitors, who explained that the temporary nature of the event made the experience feel special and worth attending in person. Many admitted they had never previously purchased from the brand but decided to buy something simply to remember the visit. When the two weeks ended, the brand reported a significant increase in both sales and social media followers. Encouraged by these results, ___________.

My first attempt at a summer schedule failed because it was much too strict. (A) I also began leaving one day each week completely free for rest or spontaneous activities. (B) My older sister suggested setting just two or three main goals for each day instead. (C) Since making these changes, I have been able to follow my schedule much more consistently.

The city operates free cooling centers to help residents cope with extreme summer heat. (A) Most locations are open from nine in the morning until six in the evening, seven days a week. (B) These centers, located in community halls and libraries, offer air-conditioned spaces free of charge. (C) Since there is no cost and no reservation is required, residents are encouraged to visit whenever needed.

The eventual collapse of a speculative bubble often unfolds with surprising speed compared with the gradual climb that preceded it. (A) As prices begin to fall, investors who bought near the peak, motivated largely by fear of missing further gains, are often the first to sell, since they have the least conviction in the asset's underlying value. (B) Their selling triggers further price declines, which in turn prompt additional investors to sell out of a newly urgent fear of continued loss rather than a fear of missing out. (C) This reversal illustrates that the same herd psychology driving prices upward can just as easily reverse direction, converting collective optimism into collective panic within a remarkably short period.

주어진 문장: We appreciate your effort in advance and look forward to celebrating a truly green festival together. Attention, students! Our school festival is going green this year, and we truly need your help. ① This event aims to reduce the disposable waste that usually piles up during the celebration. ② First, please bring your own cup, plate, and utensils to every food booth you visit. Second, each booth should use reusable decorations rather than paper banners that get thrown away within hours. ③ Students who join as Green Helpers will manage the recycling stations, sorting cans, bottles, and paper carefully all day long. Therefore, everyone's small cooperation will directly lower the amount of trash sent to the landfill. ④ However, single-use plastic bags are strictly prohibited at every booth this year. If your booth needs supplies, please contact the student council office before Friday. Let us work together to create a festival that is both fun and eco-friendly. ⑤

No further reminders, willpower, or repeated decisions are required once the initial commitment has been made. The design of behavioral savings programs deliberately minimizes the number of decisions a participant must make over time. ( ① ) At the moment of hiring, an employee is asked only once whether to commit future salary increases to retirement savings. ( ② ) If the employee agrees, that single decision governs all future contribution increases automatically. ( ③ ) This stands in sharp contrast to conventional savings advice, which typically asks individuals to make a fresh decision to save more each time their income changes. ( ④ ) Because each additional decision creates another opportunity for procrastination or reconsideration, minimizing the number of required decisions substantially increases the likelihood that saving actually occurs. ( ⑤ ) The program's success, in this sense, stems less from persuading people to value saving more than from reducing the number of moments at which they could choose not to.

주어진 문장: Vague intentions, by contrast, give the brain no clear signal about when effort should begin or end. Setting a goal such as 'I will study harder' rarely leads to meaningful improvement. ( ① ) According to psychologists Edwin Locke and Gary Latham, specific and challenging goals produce far better performance than vague or easy ones. ( ② ) This idea, known as goal-setting theory, suggests that clear targets direct attention and sustain effort over time. ( ③ ) To apply this theory effectively, many educators recommend the SMART framework, which requires goals to be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. ( ④ ) For instance, a student following this framework might say, 'I will memorize thirty new words every week for two months.' Because the goal includes a clear number and a deadline, progress becomes easy to track and evaluate. Challenging goals also tend to increase motivation, since people often work harder when a target feels meaningfully difficult rather than trivially simple. ( ⑤ )