영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

As governments and companies work to address climate change, a new category of employment ①known as green jobs has expanded rapidly. These positions include solar panel installers, wind turbine technicians, and specialists who design energy-efficient buildings. Countries that have invested heavily in renewable energy have seen employment in this sector ②grown far faster than in the economy overall. Young workers, in particular, are drawn to green careers because they ③offer a sense of purpose alongside financial stability. Critics point out that transitioning workers from fossil fuel industries to green jobs is not always simple, ④since the required skills can differ significantly. Governments are therefore introducing training programs designed ⑤to help such workers shift smoothly into renewable energy careers.

Factories that once employed hundreds of workers on an assembly line now run with a ① fraction of that staff, as robotic arms handle tasks that used to require human hands. Economists have long debated whether this shift destroys jobs or simply transforms them. Historical evidence offers some ② comfort: previous waves of automation eventually created new categories of work that no one had predicted. However, critics point out that earlier transitions unfolded over generations, giving workers ③ ample time to retrain, whereas today's robots are being deployed at a pace that leaves little room for adjustment. A factory worker displaced this year cannot simply wait for a new industry to emerge decades from now. For this reason, many economists argue that the real ④ challenge is not the robots themselves, but the ⑤ sluggish speed at which society is expected to adapt to them.

Last month, I attended a three-day career camp during summer vacation. On the first day, I chose the broadcasting workshop, where students practiced writing short news scripts and reading them in front of a camera. It was harder than I expected, since staying calm while a camera recorded my every move felt strange at first. By the second day, however, I began to enjoy the challenge, and my confidence grew with each attempt. The instructors, who all had real broadcasting experience, gave ___________ rather than simple praise, which helped us improve quickly.

Last summer, our neighborhood association invited students to help paint a mural on the long wall beside the community center, and nearly forty volunteers with completely different painting abilities showed up on the first day. (A) When the plastic sheets finally came down, the mural looked remarkably unified, not despite the many different hands involved, but because each hand had been given a task suited to what it could do well. (B) The project leader solved this by dividing the huge design into small, connected sections and assigning each volunteer a section matched to their comfort level, from simple solid-color backgrounds to detailed flowers. (C) I worried that combining so many different skill levels would create an ugly, mismatched result, since some volunteers had painted for years while others, including me, had never held a large brush before.

Many people throw away items that they no longer need. However, more and more students have begun to give old belongings a new purpose through secondhand trading. (A) For example, a jacket that no longer fits your older sibling can become a treasure for someone else, and giving an item to a new owner is like giving a toy a second life. (B) Therefore, secondhand trading, which requires little effort, protects both your wallet and the environment, and small choices like this can make a big difference for our planet. (C) This practice takes place at flea markets or through simple online apps, and when you buy a secondhand item, you save money and reduce waste at the same time.

Not every default setting, however, produces beneficial outcomes for the people subject to it. (A) A default that automatically enrolls customers in a costly subscription renewal, for example, can generate continued revenue for a company precisely because inertia discourages customers from canceling, even when they would prefer to stop paying. (B) This example illustrates that the power of defaults is ethically neutral in itself, capable of serving either the interests of the individual or the interests of whoever designs the choice environment. (C) Regulators in several jurisdictions have responded by requiring companies to make cancellation just as simple as enrollment, reducing the asymmetry that defaults can otherwise exploit.

Millions of people now wear devices that continuously track their heart rate, sleep patterns, and daily activity, generating an intimate stream of health data. (A) In practice, however, the terms of service that few people read often grant the manufacturer broad rights to store, analyze, and even sell anonymized versions of that data. (B) Users generally assume this information belongs to them, since it is drawn directly from their own bodies. (C) This arrangement becomes especially troubling when health data influences decisions far beyond fitness, such as insurance premiums or employment screening.

Telemedicine has sparked debate among healthcare professionals about its proper role in modern medicine. (A) Critics counter that virtual visits cannot fully substitute for physical examinations, which remain essential for diagnosing certain conditions accurately. (B) Most experts, weighing both sides, conclude that telemedicine works best as a complement to, rather than a replacement for, traditional care. (C) Supporters point out that virtual visits save time and extend healthcare access to patients living far from hospitals.

주어진 문장: This influence is so strong that many companies actively encourage customers to leave feedback after each purchase. Before making a purchase, most online shoppers now read reviews written by previous customers rather than relying solely on advertisements. ( ① ) These reviews, posted by people who have no financial connection to the seller, often seem more trustworthy than promotional claims. ( ② ) Research shows that products with a large number of positive reviews sell significantly more than those with few or no reviews at all. ( ③ ) However, fake reviews written by paid writers or even automated programs have become a serious problem, undermining consumer trust. ( ④ ) Platforms that fail to detect these fraudulent posts risk losing credibility with their users. ( ⑤ ) Ultimately, the power of online reviews depends entirely on their perceived honesty.

I froze for a moment, unsure of what to say. Last summer, I worked part-time at a small coffee shop near my house. ( ① ) I learned how to stay calm during busy hours and communicate clearly with customers. ( ② ) One day, a customer complained loudly about a mistake in her order. ( ③ ) Instead of arguing, I apologized and quickly made a new drink for her. ( ④ ) She left with a smile, and my manager praised my patience afterward. ( ⑤ ) Through small moments like this, I began to understand the value of responsibility and teamwork.