영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

문제 1

Traditional economic models predict that a rational individual offered any positive sum of money, however small, should accept it without hesitation, since even a modest gain is preferable to ①receiving nothing at all. A simple experimental exercise known as the ultimatum game, in which one participant proposes how to split a sum of money and a second participant may either accept or reject the proposed division, consistently ②contradicts this prediction. When the proposer offers a division perceived as unfair, the second participant frequently rejects the offer entirely, leaving both parties with nothing rather than ③accepting an outcome viewed as insulting. This behavior indicates that individuals value fairness as an end in itself, sometimes willingly ④sacrificing material gain to punish perceived exploitation. Neuroscientific investigations complement this finding, revealing that unfair offers ⑤activates brain regions associated with disgust and negative emotion.

문제 2

A documentary director named Mira first traveled to a remote Arctic glacier to film its towering cliffs of blue ice, ①which seemed frozen in time. ②Standing before the massive wall, she assumed such an enormous structure could hardly ③changed within a lifetime. Five years later, however, she returned to the very same coordinates, ④expecting her camera to capture an identical scene. Instead, she discovered that the glacier had retreated so dramatically that the ice cliffs, once visible from her original position, had nearly disappeared, leaving bare rock and pools of meltwater behind. ⑤Comparing the two sets of footage side by side, Mira realized that a transformation she had expected to take centuries was actually happening within a single decade. This encounter convinced her that climate change, which she had previously regarded as a distant statistic, was in fact an urgent process reshaping landscapes before her eyes.

문제 3

Climate scientists frequently warn about tipping points, thresholds beyond which a small additional change triggers a large, often irreversible shift in the climate system. Unlike ①gradual warming, which unfolds steadily over decades, crossing a tipping point can produce ②dramatic consequences within a short period. For instance, as Arctic ice melts, it exposes darker ocean water that absorbs more sunlight than reflective ice, accelerating further melting in a self-⑤reinforcing cycle. Similarly, scientists worry that a major ocean current, which currently redistributes heat across the planet, could slow dramatically if enough freshwater from melting glaciers dilutes the surrounding seawater. Once such thresholds are crossed, restoring the original balance may become nearly ③possible, even if emissions are later reduced. Therefore, researchers argue that preventing these transitions matters more than merely slowing average temperature increases. Identifying how close each system stands to its threshold remains one of the most ④urgent challenges in climate research.

문제 4

Yuna felt ①shocked because she realized her small daily habit was part of a ②larger problem. At first, carrying the tumbler felt ③inconvenient, and she often forgot to bring it to school. Within a month, using the tumbler had become as ④natural as brushing her teeth. Her friends ⑤ignored the change and asked where she had bought the tumbler.

문제 5

As technology continues to reshape the job market, educators and employers increasingly agree on which skills will matter most in the coming decades. Technical literacy, including basic coding and data analysis, has become nearly as ①fundamental as reading and writing once were. Beyond technical knowledge, however, employers consistently rank problem-solving and adaptability among the most ②valuable qualities in job candidates. Workers who can quickly learn new tools and adjust to unfamiliar situations tend to remain ③employable even as entire industries transform. Schools have begun redesigning curricula to emphasize these competencies, moving away from memorization toward project-based learning that mirrors real workplace ④comfort. Most experts insist that a balanced combination of technical skill, adaptability, and communication will define successful careers ⑤ahead.

문제 6

As artificial intelligence becomes part of everyday life, entirely new job titles are ①appearing in the workplace. Prompt engineers design effective instructions that help AI programs produce ②accurate and useful results. AI ethics officers examine whether a company's technology treats users fairly and avoids harmful bias. These jobs did not exist even ten years ago, yet they are growing ③slowly across many industries. Interestingly, most of these new roles require not only technical knowledge but also strong communication and ethical ④judgment. Success in an AI-driven future will depend less on competing with machines and more on developing uniquely human skills that machines still cannot easily ⑤replace.

문제 7

The job market has changed dramatically over the past few decades. Many tasks once done entirely by humans are now shared with machines and computer programs. As a result, some traditional jobs have slowly ①appeared, while entirely new positions have emerged to replace them. Workers who once relied on a single skill for their whole career now often need to learn new tools. A graphic designer today must ②understand digital software that did not exist twenty years ago. Adapting to these changes can feel ③stressful, but experts note that workers who stay flexible and keep learning tend to ④succeed regardless of which industry they choose. The ability to adapt may be more valuable than any single specific ⑤skill.

문제 8

Setting a career plan early in high school offers several important ①benefits. First, having a general direction helps students choose subjects and activities that support their goals, instead of picking them ②randomly. Second, a plan gives students a sense of purpose, which can make schoolwork feel more meaningful. However, an effective career plan should remain ③rigid, since interests and circumstances often change during the teenage years. Career counselors therefore recommend reviewing a plan every few months and ④adjusting it based on new experiences. In this way, careful planning provides a clear yet adaptable path toward genuine personal growth and long-term ⑤satisfaction.

문제 9

Symbolic interactionism approaches society not as a fixed structure imposed from above but as something continuously constructed through everyday face-to-face interaction, in which individuals interpret and respond to the symbolic meanings that objects, actions, and other people hold for them. (C) Erving Goffman extended this framework with his dramaturgical approach, comparing social life to a theatrical performance in which individuals manage impressions and present different faces in different settings. (B) Sociologist George Herbert Mead argued that the self itself emerges through this interactive process, as individuals learn to see themselves from the perspective of others. (A) Unlike structural theories that emphasize large institutions, symbolic interactionism focuses on the small, repeated exchanges through which shared meaning is negotiated.

문제 10

A student who loves writing and also shows strong language skills, for example, might consider journalism. When choosing a future career, students often face a common question: should I follow what I love, or what I am good at? ( ① ) Passion can provide strong motivation, pushing a person to practice for hours without feeling tired. ( ② ) However, loving an activity does not always mean a person will become skilled at it professionally. ( ③ ) Career experts suggest looking for an overlap between the two instead of choosing only one side. ( ④ ) Finding this balance takes time and self-reflection, but it often leads to a more satisfying and sustainable career than focusing on passion or talent alone. ( ⑤ )