영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Communication scholar Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann proposed the spiral of silence theory to explain why certain opinions ①dominate public discussion while others fade into invisibility. According to this theory, individuals constantly observe their surrounding environment to judge which opinions are widely accepted and which are not. When people sense that their own view belongs to a minority, they often choose to stay ②vocal rather than risk social isolation or criticism. This silence, however, creates a distorted impression that the minority opinion is even ③rarer than it actually is, discouraging additional supporters from speaking up. Over time, this cycle spirals downward, allowing the dominant opinion to appear increasingly ④unanimous while dissenting voices disappear from visible conversation. Social media platforms can intensify this spiral, since visibility metrics make popular opinions instantly ⑤noticeable while unpopular ones remain hidden.

Among strategies for improving ①concentration, the Pomodoro Technique remains one of the most widely recommended methods for students and workers. This technique involves working with full attention for twenty-five minutes, then taking a short five-minute break before starting the next session. After completing four of these cycles, a longer break of fifteen to thirty minutes is usually taken to allow mental ②recovery. The method assumes that sustained focus becomes harder to maintain as time passes, so frequent short breaks prevent mental ③fatigue from building up. Students preparing for exams report finishing reading assignments faster when they follow this structured rhythm instead of studying without interruption. Office workers find that dividing large projects into short, timed intervals makes overwhelming tasks feel more ④manageable. Because each interval has a clear start and end, procrastination becomes ⑤more tempting, since beginning a single twenty-five-minute session requires less commitment than beginning an entire project.

Air conditioners make summer days more comfortable, but using them ①incorrectly can harm your health. Doctors recommend keeping the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures ②small, within about five or six degrees. A larger gap forces your body to adjust constantly, which can ③weaken your immune system. This sudden change often leads to headaches and fatigue. To avoid these problems, set your air conditioner to the ④lowest temperature possible, and open a window ⑤regularly to let fresh air in.

Recovering from a serious sports injury involves far more than simply waiting for torn tissue to heal; it requires a carefully structured program that ①gradually reintroduces stress to the affected area. Immediately after an injury, rest and gentle range-of-motion exercises help prevent stiffness without ②disturbing the healing tissue. As pain subsides, therapists introduce light resistance training, slowly ③weakening strength in muscles that have weakened from disuse. Progressing too quickly at this stage is a common mistake, since tissue that appears healed on the surface may still be ④structurally fragile beneath it. Skipping the final stage, even when an athlete feels fully recovered, dramatically ⑤increases the risk of re-injury.

Dear residents, this notice explains how to use our apartment recycling area correctly. The recycling area, located behind the main entrance, is open every day from six to ten in the evening. First, _______________ before dropping them off. Boxes should be flattened, and bottles should be emptied, because dirty items are hard to recycle. However, please do not leave large furniture or electronics in this area at any time. Instead, contact the management office to arrange a separate pickup for those bulky items. For example, broken chairs and old refrigerators require a special sticker before collection. In contrast to ordinary trash, recyclable materials must never be mixed together in one bag. Following these simple rules keeps our shared space tidy for every family.

Turning off lights when you leave a room seems like a tiny action, but _______________. Every light left on in an empty room wastes electricity that could have powered something useful elsewhere. For example, a single classroom light left on overnight can waste enough energy to charge dozens of phones. This habit is similar to leaving a faucet running while you brush your teeth, where water flows out for no reason. Both actions seem harmless in the moment, but they add up to a serious waste over time. Some students argue that a single light does not make much difference. However, when an entire school forms this habit together, the total amount of saved energy becomes significant. Therefore, this small daily habit can create a surprisingly large positive effect for the whole planet.

Exercise does far more than strengthen muscles and the heart; it also produces measurable changes within the brain itself. During sustained physical activity, the body releases a protein called brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which supports the growth of new neurons and strengthens connections between existing ones, particularly in regions associated with memory and learning. Studies comparing physically active students to sedentary peers have repeatedly found that _______________, even when the exercise session ends well before the test begins. Researchers believe that exercise increases blood flow to the brain, delivering oxygen and nutrients more efficiently, while also reducing levels of stress hormones that can interfere with clear thinking.

The growing presence of AI in creative fields has sparked lively discussion among artists and critics alike. (A) In contrast, some artists worry that relying too heavily on such tools may weaken the value placed on original human creativity. (B) Many artists have embraced AI as a way to explore new styles quickly and overcome creative blocks. (C) Given these opposing views, most experts now agree that AI works best as a partner rather than a replacement for human creators.

The immune system produces an almost limitless variety of antibodies, each shaped to latch onto one particular molecular target with remarkable specificity. (A) Monoclonal antibody drugs harness this natural precision by cloning a single antibody-producing cell in the laboratory, generating an army of identical antibodies built to recognize one target, such as a protein on a cancer cell or a molecule driving an autoimmune disease. (B) Because the antibody binds only to its intended target, these drugs tend to spare healthy tissue far more effectively than traditional chemotherapy, which attacks any rapidly dividing cell regardless of whether it is cancerous. (C) Manufacturing monoclonal antibodies remains far more complicated than producing a conventional small-molecule pill, and this complexity keeps monoclonal antibody treatments considerably more expensive than most conventional drugs, a cost that continues to shape debates over pricing and access.

주어진 문장: This fear of missing out, often shortened to FOMO, drives many shoppers to act faster than they normally would. Limited-edition products are goods that are released in small quantities for a short period of time. ( ① ) Many companies use this strategy because scarcity naturally increases how much people desire an item. ( ② ) When consumers believe that a product will disappear soon, they often feel pressured to buy it immediately rather than wait. ( ③ ) For instance, a sneaker company that releases only a few thousand pairs of a special design can generate long lines outside stores overnight. ( ④ ) However, this psychological pressure can lead to purchases that are driven by fear rather than genuine need. ( ⑤ ) As a result, some shoppers later regret spending money on products they rarely use afterward.