영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Social media researchers use the term context collapse ①to describe what happens when a single online post ②reach audiences that would normally remain separate in offline life. In daily interactions, people naturally adjust their tone and content depending on whether they are ③speaking with family, close friends, or professional colleagues. However, a typical social media feed merges these distinct audiences into one undivided crowd, since a single post can simultaneously reach parents, employers, and casual acquaintances. Consequently, users often struggle to decide which version of themselves ④to present, knowing that a joke suitable for close friends might seem unprofessional to a supervisor. This tension forces many users to either self-censor heavily or maintain multiple separate accounts ⑤tailored to different audiences.

Consider a village green shared freely by every herder in the community, where each individual may graze as many animals as they wish without paying any fee. From the perspective of any single herder, adding one more animal to the shared pasture brings a clear personal ①loss, since the extra income belongs entirely to that herder alone. The cost of the additional grazing, however, is spread thinly across every herder who uses the green, so no single individual bears more than a tiny fraction of the ②damage. Because this calculation favors adding more animals for every rational herder, the shared pasture is gradually ③overgrazed until it can no longer support any animals at all, harming the very community whose rational members caused the collapse. Philosophers use this scenario to illustrate a troubling gap between what benefits an individual in the short term and what preserves a shared resource in the ④long term, a gap that voluntary self-restraint alone rarely ⑤closes.

On the first day of the club fair, the gym was filled with noise and color. Every table had a banner, and members called out to new first-graders like me. My friend Somin dragged me toward the robotics club, insisting it would suit me. However, the long list of coding projects looked too ①complicated for a beginner. Just then, I noticed a ②quiet table where students were sketching posters together. A calm senior named Jian explained that the art club ③rejected complete beginners. She showed me a sketchbook filled with simple drawings by first-year members. Her gentle voice made me feel ④relaxed for the first time that day. Without much thought, I wrote my name on the sign-up sheet before leaving. Walking out of the gym, I finally felt that I ⑤belonged in this new school.

The twenty-hour rule proposes that years of practice are not needed to become skilled at a new activity. Only about twenty hours of effort are needed to reach a useful level. Unlike theories claiming true mastery requires ten thousand hours, this rule targets a more modest goal. That goal is simple competence for everyday use. According to supporters, ___________, since a beginner has room to grow. Someone learning guitar can typically strum simple chords and follow a basic song within twenty hours of daily practice. Likewise, a language learner may soon order food or ask directions without years of formal study. Advocates emphasize that the twenty hours must be deliberate and focused, broken into short daily sessions rather than one long stretch. The hours should be aimed at fixing weaknesses rather than repeating what one already knows.

The framing effect describes how people respond differently to the same information depending on how it is presented, even when the underlying facts remain unchanged. When news outlets describe climate change primarily as a looming crisis, filled with images of disasters and warnings of irreversible damage, audiences often react with fear or, paradoxically, with hopeless resignation. In contrast, when the same issue is framed as an opportunity, emphasizing innovative technologies and emerging green jobs, readers tend to feel more motivated to act and support policy change. Neither framing alone tells the complete story, since climate change genuinely involves both serious risks and promising solutions. Therefore, journalists who rely too heavily on either extreme risk distorting public understanding and discouraging meaningful engagement. _______________.

Many people believe that a new habit becomes automatic after only twenty-one days, but researchers who examined real behavior found a different number. This project, called the 66-day habit formation study, tracked volunteers who tried to adopt a new daily habit, like drinking water with lunch. Researchers measured how automatic each action felt over time and found that habits needed ___________. Yet the actual time varied widely, ranging from about eighteen days for simple habits to over two hundred days for difficult ones. This wide range explains why the popular twenty-one-day claim, though easy to remember, rarely matches real experience.

Yuna bought a disposable coffee cup every morning on her way to school. She never thought about where those cups ended up after she threw them away. One day, her science teacher showed the class a photo of a beach covered with plastic cups and bottles. Yuna felt shocked because she realized _______________. That evening, she found an old tumbler hidden in a kitchen drawer and decided to use it every day. At first, carrying the tumbler felt inconvenient, and she often forgot to bring it to school. However, she kept a reminder note on her bag, which helped her remember it each morning. Within a month, using the tumbler had become as natural as brushing her teeth. Her friends noticed the change and asked where she had bought the tumbler.

Goffman's original theory focused on face-to-face interaction, but researchers have expanded it to explain behavior on social media. (A) Unlike face-to-face encounters, online platforms allow users unlimited time to edit captions, retouch photos, and delete unflattering content before anyone sees it. (B) This expanded control means that online impression management can be even more deliberate and polished than anything Goffman originally observed in daily conversation. (C) As a result, some scholars argue that today's online performances create unrealistic standards that traditional face-to-face interactions never produced.

Job seekers often assume that their closest friends will be the most helpful source of career advice. (A) In fact, studies show that a surprising number of job offers come through acquaintances met only briefly at conferences or previous workplaces. (B) However, close friends usually work in the same field or social circle, so their knowledge of new openings tends to overlap with what the job seeker already knows. (C) This is because such acquaintances belong to different professional circles, giving them access to information that never reaches close friends.

주어진 문장: Yet many people write down their goals at the beginning of the year and never check how far they have come. Setting a goal is only the first step; keeping track of progress is just as important. ( ① ) Without regular records, it becomes easy to lose motivation or forget the original purpose of a goal. ( ② ) Keeping a simple log, such as a weekly checklist or a short journal entry, lets a person see clear evidence of improvement over time. ( ③ ) For instance, someone learning guitar might record which songs they practiced each week, and looking back later reveals growth that felt invisible day to day. ( ④ ) Tracking progress also helps identify problems early, since a person can notice when effort stops producing results and adjust the plan before too much time is wasted. ( ⑤ )