영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

A growing number of people are practicing what is now called digital detox, the deliberate decision ①to stop using smartphones for a set period. Rather than checking notifications every few minutes, participants unplug for a weekend, a week, or sometimes even longer. Numerous studies suggest that this temporary withdrawal ②produce real benefits for both the mind and the body. First, attention spans ③fragmented by constant notifications gradually recover, allowing people to concentrate on single tasks for longer stretches. Second, avoiding screens before bedtime improves sleep quality, since blue light ④emitted by devices is known to disrupt natural sleep cycles. Third, people freed from their phones often rediscover the pleasure of face-to-face conversations ⑤that had been replaced by texting.

Water looks ①limited when it flows from the tap every morning. However, clean water is actually a limited resource that we must protect carefully. Many families waste water without even noticing it in their daily routine. For example, leaving the tap running while brushing your teeth can waste several liters of water. In contrast, turning off the tap during that time ②saves a surprising amount of water each day. Taking a shorter shower is another easy habit that reduces water use ③significantly. Fixing a leaking faucet, which many people ignore, can also ④save hundreds of liters every month. Saving water is like keeping money in a savings account for the future. Therefore, small changes in our daily habits, practiced by every family, can protect this ⑤precious resource. Everyone who cares about the environment should start saving water today.

Imagine a cafeteria where a healthy salad sits at eye level while fried snacks rest on a low shelf. Nobody is ①forbidden from choosing the snacks, yet most people quietly pick the salad instead. This simple technique illustrates a nudge, a concept from behavioral economics that ②gently guides people toward better choices without restricting their freedom. Companies and governments ③increasingly apply nudges to encourage sustainable consumption. For example, some hotels print reminders on towels stating that most guests reuse them, which ④persuades new guests to do the same and save water. Similarly, energy bills that compare a household's usage with that of efficient neighbors often lead people to reduce electricity use. Unlike strict regulations or heavy taxes, nudges rely on ⑤obvious changes in design rather than force. Critics argue nudges alone cannot solve large environmental problems, but combined with stronger policies, they can meaningfully shift everyday habits toward sustainability.

A navigation app calculating a route rarely relies on distance alone; instead, it constantly weighs real-time traffic reports, past congestion patterns for that time of day, and even data from other drivers' phones currently on the road. This flood of information allows the app to ①reroute a driver away from a sudden accident within seconds, often before the driver has any idea the accident occurred at all. The convenience comes at a ②cost that few passengers consider, however. When thousands of drivers are simultaneously redirected onto the same shortcut, that quiet side street can quickly become as ③congested as the highway it was meant to help travelers avoid. Residents of these once-quiet neighborhoods have increasingly ④complained about the sudden surge of unfamiliar traffic, arguing that an algorithm optimizing for individual convenience can end up ⑤solving a new, entirely different problem for the wider community.

Willpower is like a muscle that becomes ①tired after being used too much, so people often run out of self-control by the end of a busy day. Many resolutions are unrealistic from the beginning, since people set goals that are far too ②easy to reach in a short time, and when a goal feels impossible, people quickly ③lose motivation and stop trying. Most resolutions do not offer any ④immediate reward, so people find it hard to stay motivated without seeing fast results. Understanding these reasons can help people design goals that are more ⑤realistic and rewarding.

When Mina was a freshman, she often spent her allowance within a few days. Her older cousin told her about the marshmallow experiment, a famous study in which children could eat one marshmallow immediately or wait for two. Researchers found that children who waited longer showed better academic performance and self-control years later. This ___________ is known as delayed gratification. Inspired by the study, Mina began saving half of her allowance each week instead of spending it all on snacks.

Soyeon joined an online study group chat where dozens of students planned a class project together every evening. When one member suggested skipping a required survey step to save time, several others quickly agreed, and no one raised any objections. Soyeon privately worried that skipping the survey might weaken their project, but seeing everyone else nodding along, she stayed silent rather than risk sounding difficult. The group proceeded confidently, convinced their shortcut was harmless, until their teacher pointed out serious gaps once the project was submitted. Afterward, Soyeon learned about groupthink, a concept introduced by psychologist Irving Janis, describing how tightly connected groups often suppress doubts in order to maintain harmony and reach quick agreement. She realized that ___________.

Choosing the right club can shape how a student feels about school life. Many first-graders join a club simply because their friends are joining it. However, experts suggest that _______________. A club that matches your interest keeps you motivated during a busy exam period. It also helps to think about how much time each club actually requires. Some clubs meet only once a week, while others practice almost every day. Skill level matters too, since a few clubs accept only experienced students. For this reason, most schools allow a short trial period before a final decision. During this period, new members can attend meetings without officially signing up. In the end, a good club should feel like a comfortable break from academic pressure.

Choosing the next book is not always simple for the reading club. (A) After the short list is posted, members read a few pages of each book before voting. (B) First, anyone can suggest a title they have recently enjoyed or heard about. (C) In the end, the book with the most votes becomes the club's next read.

Good morning, residents of Green Apartment! We would like to introduce a simple way to protect our environment, since used batteries contain harmful chemicals that should never be thrown away with regular trash. (A) If these chemicals leak into the soil, they can pollute water and harm plants, so our building has installed a special collection box for used batteries near the main entrance. (B) We appreciate your effort to keep our neighborhood clean and safe, and thank you for your cooperation and kindness. (C) Please place your old batteries inside this box instead of the trash can, since the box, which is emptied every month, is easy for anyone to use.