영어 모의고사 (자동 편성)

Every light ①left on in an empty room wastes electricity that could have powered something useful elsewhere. For example, a single classroom light left on overnight can waste enough energy ②to charge dozens of phones. This habit is similar to ③leave a faucet running while you brush your teeth, where water flows out for no reason. However, when an entire school ④forms this habit together, the total amount of ⑤saved energy becomes significant.

Last spring, Minji joined a new club at her school ①called the Green Runners. Every Saturday morning, the members ②jogs around the neighborhood park while picking up trash. This activity, ③called plogging, combines jogging with cleaning up litter from the streets. At first, Minji felt embarrassed to pick up garbage in front of other people. However, she soon realized that her small actions were making the park cleaner and healthier. For example, the group collected more than twenty bags of trash during their first month together. Picking up litter while running is like turning an ordinary workout into a meaningful mission. Minji's legs grew tired, but her heart felt proud after every session. Now, she encourages her friends, ④who used to tease her, to join the club as well. Minji believes that small habits, ⑤practiced together, can change a whole community.

For most of last year, Junho refreshed his social media feed constantly, ①terrified of missing a party, a trending meme, or gossip among his friends. This restless anxiety, often called FOMO, or the fear of missing out, left him ②relaxed and strangely unsatisfied even after hours of scrolling. One weekend, his phone battery died during a hiking trip, and, to his surprise, he actually ③enjoyed the quiet afternoon without notifications interrupting his thoughts. Curious about this ④unexpected calm, Junho began deleting social apps for a few hours each day. This shift in attitude reflects what psychologists now call JOMO, a mindset that treats disconnection as ⑤freedom rather than loss.

Attention, students and teachers! Our school is starting a new campaign called 'Bring Your Own Bag.' Starting next Monday, the school store will no longer offer free plastic bags to customers. Instead, we encourage everyone to bring a reusable shopping bag from home. Plastic bags, which are made from petroleum, take hundreds of years to break down in the environment. In contrast, a cloth bag can be used again and again for many years. Therefore, using a reusable bag is _______________. For example, students who bring their own bags will receive a small sticker as a reward. However, students who forget their bags may still purchase a paper bag for a small fee. We hope every student will join this easy and meaningful campaign. Thank you for helping our school become greener.

To compensate for their carbon emissions, many individuals and companies now purchase carbon offsets, financial credits that fund projects such as planting trees or building renewable energy plants. The idea is appealing: paying for an equivalent amount of carbon to be absorbed elsewhere should cancel out the harm caused by activities like flying. However, critics argue that this system often functions as _______________. For example, a newly planted forest may take decades to absorb the promised carbon, and it could later burn down or be cut, erasing any benefit. Moreover, some offset projects would have happened anyway, meaning the credits fund nothing truly additional. Therefore, relying heavily on offsets allows businesses to maintain harmful practices while appearing responsible. Experts insist that offsetting should complement, not replace, direct reductions in fossil fuel use if the strategy is to remain credible.

Long before humans learned to drill for oil, microorganisms had already mastered the art of converting sunlight and carbon dioxide into stored chemical energy. (A) Modern biofuel research borrows this ability, cultivating algae or engineered bacteria in large tanks where they can be coaxed into producing oils and sugars that can be refined into fuel usable in existing engines. (B) Unlike crops grown for corn-based ethanol, which compete directly with food production for arable land, many algae strains can thrive in shallow ponds, wastewater, or even coastal seawater unsuitable for conventional agriculture. (C) Engineers have also learned to boost oil yield through genetic tinkering, yet producing biofuel at a cost competitive with fossil fuel remains difficult, since harvesting and processing the organisms consumes a substantial share of the energy the fuel itself will eventually provide.

Attention, students! Our school festival is going green this year, and we truly need your help. This event aims to reduce the disposable waste that usually piles up during the celebration. (A) First, please bring your own cup, plate, and utensils to every food booth you visit. Second, each booth should use reusable decorations rather than paper banners that get thrown away within hours. (B) If your booth needs supplies, please contact the student council office before Friday. Let us work together to create a festival that is both fun and eco-friendly. (C) Students who join as Green Helpers will manage the recycling stations, sorting cans, bottles, and paper carefully all day long. Therefore, everyone's small cooperation will directly lower the amount of trash sent to the landfill. However, single-use plastic bags are strictly prohibited at every booth this year.

Many students confuse the student council with school clubs. In fact, the two groups serve very different purposes. (A) Therefore, joining the council usually requires an election, whereas joining a club simply requires genuine interest. Some students eventually do both, using the council to build leadership skills and a club to develop a personal passion. (B) The student council is an official body that represents the whole school. It manages shared issues such as rules, events, and communication with teachers. For example, council members often organize the school festival and collect opinions from each class before making decisions. (C) A club, in contrast, is a small group formed around one shared interest, such as music or art. While the council must consider the needs of every student, a club can focus narrowly on what its own members enjoy.

주어진 문장: Word of their success quickly spread beyond the village's borders. A small riverside village had endured severe flooding almost every summer, watching helplessly as rising water damaged homes and destroyed crops year after year. ( ① ) Frustrated residents eventually decided to pursue climate adaptation, adjusting their infrastructure and habits to reduce the damage caused by increasingly unpredictable weather. ( ② ) Engineers widened the drainage canals surrounding the village, allowing excess rainwater to flow away more efficiently instead of pooling in low-lying streets. ( ③ ) Meanwhile, several families whose houses stood in the most vulnerable areas relocated to higher ground, even though leaving their long-time homes was emotionally difficult. The village also installed an early warning system that sent alerts to residents' phones whenever river levels rose dangerously fast. ( ④ ) When a powerful storm struck three years later, the new measures proved effective, and the village suffered only minor damage instead of the devastating losses it had previously faced. ( ⑤ ) Their resilience became a model for neighboring communities.

주어진 문장: In other words, the paper completely loses its original shape and becomes a soft, wet mixture. Every day, people throw away piles of used paper without thinking about where it goes. ① However, most of that paper does not have to end up in a landfill. Instead, it can travel to a recycling factory and become brand new paper again. ② First, workers collect old newspapers, boxes, and notebooks left in recycling bins. These papers are then soaked in water and turned into soft, mushy pulp. ③ You can think of this process like breaking a cookie back into flour and water. For example, ink and small pieces of plastic are removed from the pulp during this stage. ④ The clean pulp is pressed into thin sheets and dried in large machines. Therefore, a wrinkled old newspaper can be reborn as clean white paper. ⑤ In contrast to throwing paper away, recycling it saves trees and reduces waste.